Heating and ventilating apparatus.



No. 706,954. Patented Aug- 12 1" I902. J. KALLGREN.

HEATING AND VENTILATiNG APPARATUS.

(Application filed. Jan. 12, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I..

(No Model.)

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No. 706,954. Patented Aug. l2, I902.

J. KALLGREN. HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Jan. 12, 1901.) v {No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.-

I w t Guam/mug No. 706,954. Patented Aug. l2, I902.

J. KALLGREN.

HEATING AND VENTILATINGAPPABATUS. (Application filed Tan. 12, 1901.\

' (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3,

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JCl'IN KALLGREN, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 706,954, dated August 12, 1902.

Application filed January 12. 1901. Serial No. 43.028. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Beitknown that I, JOHN KALLGREN, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating and Ventilating Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in apparatus for heating and ventilating buildings; and its primary object is to' provide means whereby hot air may be readily discharged into one or more apartments and the vitiated air removed therefrom and conducted to a point without the building.

A further object is to so construct the apparatus and heater that the same may be used for either heating or ventilating, or both.

A further object is to so construct the heater used in connection with this apparatus that the air may be quickly heated therein and moistened and to provide the same with means whereby ashes, soot, &c., may be readily removed from the device.

A further object is to provide a novel arrangement of lines whereby the smoke and gases may be conducted direct to the chimney from the fire-chamber or from said chamber around the interior of the heater and thence to the chimney.

'With these and other objects in view the invention consists in providing a heater having a fire-box which is inclosed by a hot-air chamber, into which opens the lower end of a coil-pipe which is fitted within the upper portion of the heater above the fire-box and is provided with an outlet into an air-chamber comprising the upper portion of the heater. Arranged about the fire-box and below the air-chamber first referred to is a circular smoke-chamber which communicates with a flue of novel construction connecting said chamber with the fire-chamber above the fire-box. Means are provided within this flue whereby smoke, '&c., admitted thereto may be conducted either directly into the chimney or into the chimney after the same has passed downward and through the smokechamber before referred to.

may be made of any suitable material.

Means are provided within the air-chamber whereby the air admitted thereto will be moistened as well as heated. Suitable airinlets open into the lower air-chamber of the heater,and distributing-pipes extend from the sides of the upper air-chamber of the heater. An outlet-pipe extends upward from the top of this chamber, and a damper is arranged within said chamber and is adapted to open and close the outlet of the coil-pipe and the inlet of the outlet-pipe alternately.

The invention also consists in the further novel construction and combination of parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, showing the preferred form of my invention, and in which C Figure 1 is a front elevation of the heater used in connection with my improved system. Fig. 2 is a section on line? 2 of Fig. 6. Fig. 3 is a section on line 3 30f Fig. 1.. Fig. 4 is a section on line l 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a section on line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a section on line 6 6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7is a section on the line 7 7 of Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a section through a modified form of flue for the heater. Fig. 9 is a section online 9 9 of Fig. '8. Fig. 10 is aview of the complete system in position within a house.

Referring to the figures by numerals of reference, l is the casing of the heater, which This casing incloses a preferably cylindrical firebox 2, which extends upward a suitable distance from the bottom of the heater and is closed at its upper end by a partition 3, which serves to support a coil-pipe 4, the inlet 5 of which is preferably arranged at a point below the partition 3 and opens into the chamber 6, formed by the wall of the fire-box 2, the par tition 3, and the casing, 1. The bottom 7 of this chamber (3 is arranged at a point above the bottom 8 of the heater and is preferably in alinement with the grate 9 of the device. This grate may be formed in anysuitable manner and is preferably supported by and revoluble upon flanges 10, extending inward from the wall of the fire-box.

The ash-box l1,which is arranged below the grate 9, is inclosed by walls 12, which are in alinement with the wall of the fire-box 2, and these walls 12, together with the partition 7,

the casing 1, and the bottom 8, form a smoke chamber 13, which incloses the ash-box, but does not communicate therewith. There is, however, a door 14 arranged within the'wall of the ash-box, whereby access may be obtained to the smoke-chamber, so that soot, &c., may be readily removed therefrom, and a dust-damper 15, communicating with the flue 24, permitsthe dust to escape through the chimney when the ashes are shaken down.

The partition 7 is recessed at one side of the heater, and fitted within this recess is a receptacle 16, adapted to receive Water. The upper edges of this receptacle are in alinement with the partition 7.

An opening 17 is formed within the casing adjacent to the receptacle l6, and this aperture is inclosed by a box 18, having an inlet 20 at the bottom and an inlet at the top. Suitable closures or covers 19 19 are provided by which the respective inlets of the box 18 may be closed. The opening 17 is of sufficient size to permit the receptacle 16 to be readily removed and replaced, and sufficient space is provided above the receptacle whereby air may pass therethrough and over the receptacle into the air-chamber 6. In order that access to the receptacle 16 may be readily obtained, a door 21 is provided within the side of the box 18.

The air-chamber 6 is divided near the front of the heater by a slanting partition 22, as shown in Fig. 2. Said partition is arranged with its lower end in front of the inlet 17 and the receptacle 16 and with its upper end back of the inlet 5 of the coil-pipe. Thus it will be seen that the air must pass around the fire-box and over the smoke-chamber below before it can enter the coil-pipe.

Opening into the smoke-chamber are flues 23 and 24, said fines being separated and the smoke-chamber 13 divided by a vertical partition 25. One of the fines 23 is provided with an inlet 26 at the top, which opens into the upper portion of the fire-chamber, and an outlet 27 is arranged within the upper portion of the rear wall of the fines and is adapted to permit the escape of smoke, &c., from both of the flues.

A damper 28 is hinged Within one of the Hues 23 and is adapted to be supported in a horizontal position by a shoulder-29, arranged within said flue. damper and extends from opposite sides of the walls thereof and is provided with a han- (110 31, whereby the same may be readily raised or lowered. It will be seen that said damper is so arranged that when lowered into the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the smoke will pass directly from the fire-box and out through the openings 26 and 27. When, however, the damper is raised into a vertical position, (see dotted lines in Fig. 3,) it will be impossible for the smoke to escape through the outlet 27 until the same has passed downward through the flue 23, the smoke-chamber 13, which incloses the ash-box, and up A rod 30 is secured to this into the fine 24. Said smoke can then pass outward through the outlet 27.

A suitable arrangement of doors is provided, one, 2, of which is arranged within the back of the casing, so that access may be readily obtained to the smoke-chamber 13.

A door 33 is provided within the front of the casing and incloses the outer end of a passage 34, which communicates with the interior of the ash-box. A removable plate 35 is arranged within the bottom of this passage, so that that portion of the smoke-ch amber below the passage may be cleaned of soot, -&c. This plate, however, may be placed in the front casing below the door 33, if preferred.

A door 36 is also provided at the end of a passage 37, which is arranged at a point above the grate 9 and communicates with the interior of the fire-box for the purpose of raking the fire, and another door 38 is arranged within the front of the casin g, whereby access may be obtained to the interior of the airchamber 6.

An ordinary coal-door 39 is mounted at the end of a passage 40, which extends above the air-chamber 6 to the upper portion of the firebox 2. The casing of said passage serves both as a protection and support for the coil-pipe 4. Any other suitable arrangement of doors may be provided, and, if desired, a suitable shaker 41 may be secured to the grate 9 and extend through a slot in the front of the casing.

The outlet end of the coil-pipe 4 is arranged through the center of a partition 42, which extends the full width of the heater and constitutes the bottom or floor of an upper chamber'43, within the top of which is arranged an outlet 44. A vertical rod 45 is mounted within this air-chamber, and secured thereto are two dampers 46 and 47, respectively, arranged in planes at right angles to each other and one of which, 46, rests upon the partition 42,while the other damper, 47, fits snugly upon the under surface of the top 48 of the heater. A suitablehandle 49 extends from the rod 45, and it is obvious that when said rod is turned the dampers will open and close the outlet end of the coil-pipe 4 and the outlet 44 alternately.

Suitable stops, as 50, are arranged upon the partition 42 and serve to limit the movement of the dampers. A suitable number of outlets 51 are arranged within the side walls of the air-chamber 43, and one or more air-distributing pipes 52 and 64 extend therefrom and are adapted to convey air to suitable points within a house or other structure. These pipes may each be provided with outlets of any desired form, and by referring to Fig. 10 it will be seen that the outlets of one of the pipes are in the form of ordinary registers 53. While I have shown these registers within the fioor, walls, and ceilings of the rooms, it is of course obvious that I do not restrict myself to this arrangement, as, if desired, the registers can be placed at any one or more of these points.

An air-outlet pipe 54 extends upward from the outlet 44 of the heater to a point outside of the house and an inletpipe 55 extends downward, preferably from a point adjacent to the roof, and the discharge end thereof opens into the inlet 20 of the boX 18 of the heater. This pipe is provided with a second inlet 56, arranged within the lower portion of the side wall of the house.

A damper 57 is provided within this pipe at a point adjacent to its inlet 56, a second damper 58 is arranged within the pipe 55 between its outlet and the lowest distributingpipe communicating therewith, and a third damper 59 is arranged within said pipe at a point above the highest distributing-pipe.

WVhere registers 53 are provided within a room, I preferably provide similar registers (31, which maybe suitably located and which communicate through pipes 62 with the airinlet pipe 55. If desired, however, radiators 63 of various. forms may be provided in lieu of the registers 53 and 61, and in Fig. 10 I have shown one of the distributing-pipes 64 communicating with a radiator and a second pipe 65 connecting said radiator with the inlet pipe 55.

A radiator which may be used in connection with this apparatus is provided with a.

partition 63, dividing the radiator into two parts, into one of which hot air is delivered from the furnace and thence into the radiator, as shown, and the other chamber in the radiator takes the cold air from the apartment and discharges it through the pipe 65.

Dampers 66 are arranged within the pipes 64 and 65, and each of the distributing-pipes 52 and 64 is also provided with a damper 67.

6S designates the chimney, having connection to the furnace by means of a pipe 69, the inner end ofwhieh has communication with the outlet 27 of the fines 23 and 24.

In FigsS and 9 I have shown modified forms of fines which may be used in lieu of the fines 23 and 24,before described. By referring to said figures it will be seen that one of the fines 70 extends over the top of the other flue 71 and the outlet 27 extends from the flue 70 only. The outlet 26, however, opens into the fine 71. A passage 72 is formed within the partition dividing the flue 70 and 71 at a point adjacent to the inlet 26, and this passage is adapted to be closed by a damper 73, and in such position the products of combustion passing into the fine 71 must necessarily flow downward through the smoke-chamber and thence upward through the flue 70 and the outlet 27. When, however, the damper 73 is in horizon tal position, as shown in Fig. 8, the smoke, 850., can pass from the inlet 26 through the aperture 72, thence up and out through the outlet 27. By referring to these views, Figs. 8 and t), it will be seen that a second outlet 74 is arranged at the upper end of the flue 70. This outlet, however, is only adapted to be used when the outlet 27 is not employed, and a cap so that the outlet 44 is open.

through the outlet-pipe 54.

partments.

27 isprovided,whereby either of the outlets may be closed, if desired.

It will be understood that when it is desired to ventilate a building within which this apparatus is located it is merely necessary to open all of the dampers in the pipes-i. e., dampers 57, 58, 59, 66, and 67. The dampers 46 and 47 within the heater are then turned It will thus be seen that a steady circulation of air from the pipe 55 into the rooms by way of pipes 62 and 65 is permitted, the vitiated air passing from the rooms by way of pipes 52 and 64 and into the air-chamber 43, whence it flows outward \Vhen it is desired to only heat the building, the dampers 59 and 57 are closed, while the remaining dampers in the pipes are opened. Dampers 46 and 47 are then turned so that the inlet to the pipe 54 will be closed. Air will then pass into the heater by way of pipes 62, 65, and 55. After entering the box 18 the air will flow into the aiuchamber 6, where it will be initially heated by the fire upon the grate 9.

In entering the chamber 6 the air will be moistened by the water within the receptacle 16. Said air will then pass around the tire-box and over the smoke-chamber below and upward through the coil-pipe 4 into the upper chamber 43, from which it will be distributed by the pipes 52 and 64 into the various com- Vhere it is desired to both heat and ventilate the building, all of the dampers in the pipes are opened, though, if desired,

damper 58 may be closed, and the damper 47 is placed over the outlet 44 of the heater.

Cold air will then pass down from the inlet 56 into the box 18 and after circulating through the heater will pass through the pipes 52 and 64 into the several rooms. From here the vitiated air will be conducted by means of pipes 62 and 65 into the pipe 55 and will flow down the pipe 55 through the box 18 into the furnace, where its deleterious conditions will be corrected. It will thus be seen that a continuous circulation of air is established, the cool vitiated air being displaced by warm pure air. By providing means whereby the smoke and other products of combustion maybe conducted to points below the air-chamber 6 the air within said chamber may be more readily heated.

In the foregoing description Ihave embodied the preferred form of my invention; but I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself thereto, as I am aware that modifications may be made therein without departing from the principle or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention, and I therefore reserve to myself the right to make such changes as fairly fall within the scope thereof.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination with a casing, of a firebox therein inclosed by an air-chamber, an

air-inlet to the chamber, a receptacle within the chamber adjacent to the inlet and adapted to contain water, a coil-pipe arranged above the fire-box and communicating with the interior of the air-chamber, a partition within the casing arranged about the outlet the air-chamber, an air-chamber within the top of the casing and above the fire-box, the coil-pipe opening into said chamber, an outlet from said chamber and means for closing the air-inlet and the said outlet alternately.

3. The combination with a casing, of a firebox therein, an air-chamber inclosing the tirebox, an inlet tosaid chamber, a box inclosing the inlet, a door within said box, a receptacle within the air-chamber adjacent to the inlet, an ash-box, a smoke-chamber inclosing said ash-box, parallel flues communicating at their lower ends with the smoke-chamber, an inlet within one of the flues whereby the products of combustion from the firebox are admitted thereto, an outlet from the remaining flue, a damper mounted adjacent to an aperture connecting the flues, said damper adapted to either close said aperture or the inlet-flue, a

coil-pipe arranged above the fire-box and communicating with the interior of the air-chamber, an air-chamber arranged above the firebox, said pipe opening thereinto, an outlet from the upper air-chamber and a damper within said chamber adapted to open and close the airinletaud outlet of said chamber alternately.

4. The combination with a heater, of a firebox therein, an. airchamber inclosing the fire-box, an air-inlet to said chamber, a coilpipe arranged above the fire-box and communicating with the interior of the air-chamher, an air-chamber arranged above the tirebox and adapted to receive air from the coilpipe, an outlet from said chamber, a pipe inclosing and extending upward from said outlet, an air-inlet pipe com municating with the inlet of the heater, and air-distributing pipes extending from the sides of the upper aircompartmentof theheater, and provided with outlets.

5. The combination with a heater, of a firebox therein, an airchamber inclosing the fire-box, an air-inlet to said chamber, a coilpipe arranged above the'fire-box and communicating with the interior of the air-chamber, an air-chamber arranged above the firebox and adapted to receive air from the coilpipe, an outlet from said chamber, a pipeinclosing and extending upward from said outlet, an air-inlet pipe communicating with the inlet of the heater and having inlets at opposite ends, branch inlet-pipes extending from the air-inlet pipe, a damper within the airpipe below the branch pipes, dampers within the air-pipe to control the inlets thereof, airdistributing pipes extending from the Walls of the upper air-chamber of the heater and having outlets and a damper within said chamber adapted to close the end of the coilpipe and of the outlet-pipe alternately.

6. The combination with a structure having apartments therein, of a casing within one of said apartments, a fire-box within the easing, an air-chamber inclosing the fire-box, an air-inlet tosaid chamber, a coil-pipe arranged above the fire-box and communicating with the interior of the air-chamber, an air-chamber arranged above the fire-box, said coilpipe being adapted to conduct air thereto, an outlet from the upper air-chamber, a damper within said chamber adapted to open and close the air inlet and outlet thereof alternately, a pipe inclosing and extending from the outlet and through the top of the structure, an air-inlet pipe extending from the top of the structure and communicating with the air-inlet of the casing, a branch pipe extending from the air-inlet pipe to a point within one of the apartments, an inlet tosaid pipe, an air-distributing pipe extending from the upper air-chamber in the casing, an outlet from said pipe suitably arranged within the apartment and dampers within the air inlet and distributing pipes.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in'presence of two witnesses.

JOHN KALLGREN. 

